Self-test questions: Actus Reus

. Jamal is walking on the canal path and sees Usha drowning in the canal. Usha is a teenager who lives in Jamal's neighbourhood. Jamal has seen Usha in the local shop before but has never spoken to Usha. What is the law on omissions that applies to Jamal's situation?

. Which of the following offences is an example of a conduct crime?

. In general, all criminal offences require proof of voluntary conduct on the part of D. Which of the following answers is accurate?

. Olive is standing next to Bill who is annoying Gertrude. Without anticipating that Bill would do such a thing, Olive finds that Bill has taken her arm and is using it to hit Gertrude in the chest. Olive is unable to break free from Bill's grip. According to the relevant principles governing the actus reus of offences, which of the following statements is the most accurate?

. Arnie placed a small amount of poison into Valerie's coffee when they met in the local coffee shop. Arnie was jealous that Valerie had so many more social media followers than he did, and wanted Valerie to die. After taking a small sip of the coffee, Valerie collapsed and died. The post mortem revealed that an undiagnosed heart problem caused Valerie's death. According to relevant principles of actus reus, which of the following statements is most accurate?

. Jed broke Seth's leg at a Sunday football match. Leroy called an ambulance. However, Phil the driver stopped by his lover's house for an hour before going to the scene. When Phil did arrive, Seth appeared to be well, except for his broken leg. However, fat tissue from bone marrow had leaked into Seth's blood stream, causing a fatal seizure two days later. According to the causation principles, which of the following statements is most likely to be accurate?

. Which of the following scenarios would not result in criminal liability according to the criminal law on omission?

. Marjory shoots Mavis in the leg at the local Women's Institute meeting, when invited to practice shooting with an expert. Mavis loses a lot of blood and undergoes an essential operation. Unfortunately, Seamis, the anaesthetist, is extremely tired and does not notice that the breathing tube is not working properly. Mavis dies during the operation, because of the lack of oxygen she receives during the operation. Which of the following statements most accurately applies to Marjory or Seamis' liability according to the principles of causation?

. What does actus reus refer to in criminal law?

. Morris was homeless. He found the door of Alice's shed ajar and made himself comfortable for the night. He lit a candle and read a few pages of a book. At some point he fell asleep and was woken by his coughing. The shed was filled with smoke from a fire that had begun when he had knocked the candle over in his sleep. Which of the following statements most accurately reflects the law on criminal omissions that applies here?

. Josh argues with his brother Jason about which of them is the best surfer at the beach. Josh angrily pushes Jason, who falls and hits his head on a stone wedged into the sand. He is unconscious. Not wanting to be around when Jason gets up in case he retaliates, Josh leaves him on the beach. The tide comes in and Jason drowns. Consider which of the following statements most accurately addresses the issue of causation that applies here.

. Marsha is a student and shares a house with Norman. They are not friends, but Marsha has spoken to him, made him a cup of tea on several occasions, and has woken him up so he makes it to his lectures on time. One week, she realised that Norman had not spoken to her for several days and he had not left his room when she called him in the morning. She did not do anything about it. Eventually, Norman's mother came to the house, very concerned, as Norman had not responded to any of her texts for several days, which was highly unusual. When Marsha entered Norman's room with his mother, they found him in a comatose state and he needed hospitalisation. Consider which of the following statements is most accurate is relation to the general principles of actus reus?

. Sol broke up with his girlfriend Eva one month ago and is very sad about it. He has been following her everywhere ever since. Her new boyfriend Gregory wants Sol to stop this behaviour and confronts him. A fight between the two of them occurs and Gregory breaks Sol's arm. Sol refused to seek any medical assistance, because he feels he is worthless and deserves the pain. Eventually he becomes very ill and dies. Had he sought medical treatment he would not have died. What is the most accurate statement that applies to this scenario in respect of causation principles?

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