Practice Quiz Chapter 03

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. The Magna Carta is an important historical document because ________.

a) it was contained within the Ark of the Covenant correct incorrect

b) it is the foundation of modern laws and procedures in English Law correct incorrect

c) the Leviathan, written by Hobbes, was based on the document correct incorrect

d) Enlightenment thinking challenged its logic correct incorrect

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. Rationalism assumes that people ________.

a) naturally lie correct incorrect

b) naturally have a death wish correct incorrect

c) lack self-control correct incorrect

d) are self-determining entities correct incorrect

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. In the late 1700s, _______ made it his goal to reform the prison system and make it more humane.

a) Phillip Pinel correct incorrect

b) John Howard correct incorrect

c) George Washington correct incorrect

d) Michel Foucault correct incorrect

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. Positivism ________.

a) is synonymous with feminism correct incorrect

b) is a philosophy that is not interested in precise measurement correct incorrect

c) is the application of the scientific method to study the human condition correct incorrect

d) had little to do with the early development of scientific criminology correct incorrect

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. Lombroso collected data to develop his theory of bio-criminology from ________.

a) Italian prison documents correct incorrect

b) observations of the animal world correct incorrect

c) large population surveys correct incorrect

d) his experiences working as a police officer correct incorrect

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. For William Sheldon the _________ body type was not deemed to be prone to crime.

a) mesomorphic correct incorrect

b) ectomorphic correct incorrect

c) heteromorphic correct incorrect

d) crimomorphic correct incorrect

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. The ________ perspective contends that biological parents are less prone to murdering their children than are non-biological parents.

a) bio-criminology correct incorrect

b) evolutionary psychology correct incorrect

c) positivism correct incorrect

d) strain theory correct incorrect

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. The XYY ________ configuration is thought to be linked to crime.

a) atavistic correct incorrect

b) biological correct incorrect

c) psychopathic correct incorrect

d) chromosomal correct incorrect

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. Sigmund Freud believed that the id ________.

a) consists of primal urges correct incorrect

b) acts as a person's social conscience correct incorrect

c) was the "reality principle" correct incorrect

d) develops in late adulthood correct incorrect

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. Social learning theory believes that ________.

a) people are controlled by their super-ego correct incorrect

b) aggressive behaviour is inherited from one's biological parents correct incorrect

c) aggressive behaviour is learned through a series of psychological thought processes and perceptions correct incorrect

d) all human action is based on the freedom of choice correct incorrect

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. _____ is the process of drilling holes into the skull of those who were thought to be in possession of evil spirits in the middle ages.

a) Voodoo correct incorrect

b) Psycho-pathology correct incorrect

c) Cranial surgery correct incorrect

d) Trepanation correct incorrect

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. ________ argued that fear of violent death forces human beings into a social contract with each other that leads to the formation of the state?

a) Hobbes correct incorrect

b) Locke correct incorrect

c) Bentham correct incorrect

d) Marx correct incorrect

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. ________ would stand by the view that violent behaviour is learned from watching violence on television or by listening to music or watching music videos that contain violent subject matter?

a) Psychopathology correct incorrect

b) Psychoanalytic Theory correct incorrect

c) Evolutionary Psychology correct incorrect

d) None of the above correct incorrect

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. ________ believed that punishment should be formulated for the purpose of deterrence.

a) Beccaria correct incorrect

b) Freud correct incorrect

c) Hobbes correct incorrect

d) Locke correct incorrect

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. For Bentham, in order for punishments to be effective in the prevention of crime they need to be severe, certain, and swiftly applied. Of these three, Bentham argued that _______ was the most important.

a) all three are equally as important correct incorrect

b) swiftness correct incorrect

c) severity correct incorrect

d) certainty correct incorrect